The Impact Of Economic Growth Through The Process Of The...

M21 EFA YANG LIU 5289976 20/4/2015 The Impact on Economic Growth through the Process of the Financial Liberalization of Developing Countries Abstract: The purpose of this study was to show that the decisive factor in financial liberalization that financial development can stimulate economic growth. Three different components were analyzed. The first is that the by using the endogenous growth model to find the relationship between internal financial liberalization and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the theoretical components. The second portion includes an empirical study by using panel data to verify the theoretical relationship between the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and financial liberalization and. It covers a sample of 15 developing countries, enabling us to achieve three basic results. First, when the financial system is not liberalized, we noted that it has a negative effect on the growth of foreign direct investment per capita GDP. Second, when foreign direct investment is characterized implement them have a positive effect on economic growth of its financial industry in developed countries. This means that the key variable, which determines the degree of efficiency of FDI liberalization of the financial system. Therefore, foreign direct investment affect economic growth no liberalized financial system to challenge. Third, we found that the level of financial development is strategy variables and it has positive impact on growth. Key words:Show MoreRelatedPositive And Negative Outcomes Of Economic Globalization1635 Words   |  7 Pagesnegative outcomes of economic globalization, and the impact on developed and developing nations. The findings indicate a strong trend in the belief that developed countries dominate in the world of international trade, as there resources ensure a competitive advantage over poorer undeveloped nations. In addition, it can be concluded that the great benefits of free trade, defined broadly as â€Å"free movement of goods, services, and capital across national boundaries (what I will call â€Å"economic interdependence†Read MoreEssay Global Integration1203 Words   |  5 Pagesforce at work at this time in history describes the process of increase integration and interdependence between national economies. It depicts the breaking down of national boundaries leading to the establishment of a single world market. This inevitable process of globalisation has and will continue to be accelerated by the electronic revolution. Advancement in telecommunications and information technology has lead to growth in cross border relationships initiated by the driversRead MoreEconomic Growth And Development Of South Africa1193 Words   |  5 PagesIMPLICATIONS 2.1. Growth and development According to Parson Viviers (cited by Vollgraaf 2016:p2) as a result of Brexit South Africa’s economic growth is expected to have a 0.1% cut-back due to its trading relations with the countries concerned. Bowler (2016:p1) stated that the UK’s pound depreciated after the Brexit occurrence, which could result in the UK’s imports being expensive. The country will be inclined to import less causing its trading import partners to suffer in the process. South Africa’sRead MoreAnglo American Corporate Social Responsibility1514 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibility†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , the improvement of the notion of Anglo-American corporate social responsibility (CSR) has rapidly expanded. This essay will review the important concept around Anglo-American CSR, its development and provide a verdict on the extent whether liberalisation, globalisation, and developments in the markets for debts and equity are impacting the tradition view of an Anglo-American public corpor ation and the nature of its social responsibility. 2. Tradition view According to the research from CernatRead MoreImpact Of Globalisation On The Economic Development Of Pakistan1073 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalisation is the process that involves the international operations of financial and investment markets as a result of improved communication mediums globally. It is the tendency of business enterprises and individuals to step outside their national and domestic markets to other markets around the globe to increase international trade and exchange of cultural values among different nations. Growth of Telecommunication sector is considered as one of the biggest positive sides of globalisationRead MoreForeign Direct Investment ( Fdi )1445 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluenced the scope of economic growth for countries in a rapid manner. It has also notified that with globalisation, the business sector has been able to experience considerable benefits from international domain. The concept of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been gain huge prominences in the recent years for getting considerable benefits for the economy and overall development of a nation. The importance of FDI has been attaining huge prominences among the economic as well as business domainRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On India s Economy2680 Words   |  11 Pagesthe very nature of the nations’ economic and societal processes. Globalisation is defined as the integration between different countries and economies leading to the increased impact of international influences on all aspects of life and economic activity. In order to measure the impact of globalisation on India’s economy one must consider the level of economic development and growth in the nation, and also understand the difference between the two. Economic growth refers to the increase in marketRead MoreGlobalisation and Its Impact5240 Words   |  21 PagesIts Impact on Small Scale Industries in India Vol. 1, No. 2 (June, 2009) pp. 135-146 ISSN 0974-9977 Sonia, Research Fellow, Department of Commerce, Punjabi University, Patiala(Punjab). Dr. Rajeev Kansal, Reader, Department of Commerce, Punjabi University, Patiala(Punjab). ABSTRACT Globalization refers to the process of integration of the world into one huge market. It provides several things to several people with removal of all trade barriers among countries. Globalization happens through threeRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Globalization on South Africa Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pages Globalisation refers to the process of the integration of economic, political, social and cultural relations among people, companies and governments of different nations and countries. It is a process aimed improving international movement of goods, services, labour and capital. This process also has a direct impact on the environment, culture, political systems, economic development and prosperity, and a human physical wellbeing of societies in the world. Read MoreGlobalization1305 Words   |  6 Pages is the integration and democratization of the world s culture, economy, and infrastructure through transnational investment, rapid spread of communication and information technologies, and the impacts of free-market on local, regional and national economies. The golden words of late Dr. Mahbub ul Haq provides the true vision: Globalization is no longer an option, it is a fact. Developing countries have either to learn to manage it far more skilfully, or simply drown in the global cross currents

The Definition of Market and Some Marketing Resources

A market is any place where sellers of particular goods or services can meet with buyers of those goods and services. It creates the potential for a transaction to take place. The buyers must have something they can offer in exchange for the product to create a successful transaction.   There are two main types of markets  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ markets for goods and services and markets for the factors of production. Markets can be classified as perfectly competitive, imperfectly competitive or monopolies, depending on their features. Terms Related to Market A  free market economy  is dictated by supply and demand. Free refers to the lack of governmental control over price and production.   Market failure occurs when an imbalance exists between supply and demand. More of a product is produced than is demanded, or more of a product is demanded than is produced.   A complete market is one that has components in place to address virtually any eventual circumstance.   Resources on Market   Here are a few starting points for research on market if youre writing a term paper or maybe just trying to educate yourself because youre contemplating launching a business.   Good books on the subject include the  Dictionary of Free-Market Economics,  by Fred E. Foldvary. It is literally a dictionary encompassing just about any term you might encounter dealing with free market economics.   Man, Economy, and State with Power and Market  is by Murray N. Rothbard. Its actually two works gathered in one tome explaining Austrian economic theory.   Democracy and the Market  by Adam  Przeworski  discusses economic rationality as it relates to and interacts with democracy. Journal articles on market that you may find enlightening and useful include  The Econometrics of Financial Markets,  The Market for Lemons: Quality Uncertainty  and the Market Mechanism, and  Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Conditions of Risk. The first is offered by Cambridge University Press and was  written by three economics scholars to address empirical finance.   The Market for Lemons  is written by  George A. Akerlof  and is available on the JSTOR website. As the title implies, this paper discusses the various rewards for sellers who produce and market merchandise and products that are, quite simply, of poor quality. One might  think manufacturers would avoid this like the plague ... but maybe not.   Capital Asset Prices is also available from JSTOR, initially published in the Journal of Finance in September 1964. But its theories and principles have stood the test of time. It discusses the challenges inherent in being able to predict capital markets. Admittedly, some of these works are very highbrow and may be difficult for those just wading into the area of economics, finance, and market to digest. If youd like to get your feet a little wet first, here are some offerings from ThoughtCo. to explain some of these theories and principles in plain English like how markets use information to set prices, the role of the market, and the effects of a black market using supply and demand. Sources Foldvary, Fred E. Dictionary of Free-Market Economics. Hardcover, Edward Elgar Pub, December 1, 1998. Murray N. Rothbard, Man, Economy, and State with Power and Market, Scholars Edition. Joseph T. Salerno (Introduction), Paperback, 2nd edition, Ludwig von Mises Institute, May 4, 2011. Przeworski. Democracy and the Market. Studies in Rationality and Social Change, Cambridge University Press, July 26, 1991.

The Importance of Developing Nutrition Programs for...

Introduction and Background This research will try to use quantitative method to find the associations among fast food consumption, body weight and nutrition education level. Aim of this research is to understand determinants that contribute to this education situation in Halifax. Furthermore, result of this paper may provide the direction of public health promotion. Literature Review In recent years, studies have focused on factors which may influence fast food consumption and weight gain among young adults. A great number of studies have focused on the social factors and individual factors in human beings. The goals of those studies are to help reduce fast food consumption and providing health promotion in young adults. Therefore, developing effective healthy project for young adults is significantly for most countries. One of the factors affect obesity is nutrition education level in public health. A number of researches emphasize the importance of education level in health promotion. Human beings can get benefits from nutrition education programs in health club, community activities or from the media. For instance, in some programs, it could invite professional dietician assess individual situation and then provide specific recommendations for individuals (Clark, 1998). In addition, from personal perspective, nutrition programs could provide personal health be liefs and awareness of avoiding junk food which plays positive effects on healthy eating as well (Hattersly,Show MoreRelated3 Ms Info7884 Words   |  32 Pagesapproach recognizes the importance of the wider socioeconomic determinants of health and provides concrete examples of how these may be addressed in a collaborative way across sectors to achieve several aims at once, including improvements in health and a reduction in the differences between regions in terms of health outcomes. This approach is advocated in the Canadian Crossing sectors – experiences in intersectoral action, public policy and health report, which stresses the importance of the health sector

Classicism and Modernism Essay - 2724 Words

Hollywood in the 30’s and 40’s was the golden-age of a new era of filmmaking. The films of that period went beyond the silent films being produced in the past. Diagetic sounds like dialogue and more advanced filmic techniques would push cinema to a new mode of filmmaking, that being classicism. The classical Hollywood structure was being developed in the past with silent films but it came to full fruition in the 30’s, where many filmmakers would produce feature-length films with fully developed storylines and the use of glamorous lighting and larger-than life characterizations to give audiences a more cinematic experience. Genre films like: the gangster, comedy, western, horror, and other various genres of the era, provided large revenue†¦show more content†¦Even the much-loved, musical genre, of the 1930’s had copious amounts of sexual images and subtle references to controversial subjects, encoded onto its mise-en-scene. The musical called, 42 nd Street (1933), contained a lot of sexual imagery that exploited women and their figures. The male gaze is very much evident in the imagery of the film and the films imagery and dialogue makes references to polyamory. The films many, subjective point of view shots, serve many purposes, one being that of voyeurism; the low angle tracking shot of the dancers legs is one that comes to mind, as that particularly scene is saturated with images of passive females who are in a scandalously provocative position. In those days, female actresses did not have any substantial roles because of the male-dominated Hollywood system, it would take many years and a lot of protest from women to put a stop to these voyeuristic and unsubstantial roles that women had in those days. Laura Mulvey, a seminal feminist critic who denounced these types of films, would call these films a visual spectacle for the sadistic, male-centered viewer. I tend to agree with her as films like 42nd street, do not have an y three-dimensional characterizations, rather they have the male-centered viewpoint of what women should be like, which is to be submissive and be like an object rather than a human being. Although the film does have some good qualities, that being the directionShow MoreRelatedAn Exotic Forest By Henri Rousseau945 Words   |  4 Pagescomponent reveals itself through the tension between the periods of Modernity and Classicism, as seen through the central image of the woman, the painting’s scale, and colour palette, along with, the inclusion of Primitive elements in the style, and subject used. As such, this methodology, in the form, and technique of the piece, communicates a larger complexity. Where Modernity refers to the state of being modern, Classicism contrasts this notion as a movement that attempts to harken back to aestheticsRead MoreThe Differences Between Prairie Style Architecture And Hi-Tech Architecture717 Words   |  3 PagesWorlds Columbian Exposition (Chicago Worlds Fair) of 1893 was supposed to be a heralding of the city of Chicagos rebirth. But many of the young Midwestern architects of what would become the Prairie School were offended by the Greek and Roman classicism of nearly every building erected for the fair. In reaction, they sought to create new work in and around Chicago that would display a uniquely modern and authentically American style, which came to be called Prairie. The designation Prairie is dueRead MoreRomanticism : Romanticism And Romanticism1141 Words   |  5 PagesRomanticism and Modernism differ in their styles, values, and ideology, they were both important periods in literature. Romanticism was a literary movement during the late 18th century until the early 19th century that had an emphasis on the imagination and emotions. The movement moved through every country in Europe, Latin America, and the United States from approximately 1750 to 1870. However, France did not see the movement until the 1820’s. Romanticism was basically a rebellion against Classicism, dueRead MoreDefining The Broad Scope of Artist1158 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is art? As I continue to develop my skills and contemplate their purpose, my initial analysis has not only shifted, but expanded in complexity. Acquired through our growth into modernism, art has manifested a certain dependence on theoretical discourse. German Philosopher Arnold Gehlen proposes that art’s ‘need for explanation’ is derived from its ‘difficulty’ or otherwise inaccessibility to the public; implying that although art is always human, human is not always artist. The exclusivityRead MoreBronzinos Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time and Manets Le Dejeuner sur Lherbe930 Words   |  4 Pagescomposition, all those unusualness and complex make viewer somewhat uncomfortable to look at the painting. Realism movement in art began in 1850s to reject the style of Classicism, dominated by French Academy. Aftereffect of the French Revolution in 1848 also helped the realism movement. Realists felt that fantasy and artificiality of Classicism and Romanticism, the style of the late 18th century and early 19th century, ended with the revolution and hoped to find something practical and objective. So, theRead MoreNeoclassicism Vs. Modernism Essay1174 Words   |  5 Pages Igor Stravinsky makes for a first-class example of differences and similarities between neoclassicism and modernism. Modernism is defined as â€Å"A term used in music to denote a multi-faceted but distinct and continuous tradition within 20th-century composition†1, while neoclassicism may be defined as â€Å"A movement of style in the works of certain 20th-century composers, who, particularly during the period between the two world wars, revived the balanced forms and clearly perceptible thematic processesRead MoreEssay on H.D.: The Fusion of Classicism and Modernity1729 Words   |  7 PagesH.D.: The Fusion of Classicism and Modernity With foundations rooted deeply in an appreciation for and understanding of classicism, H.D. fused ancient Grecian literature, thinking and mythology with modernistic feminism, bisexuality and psychoanalysis to establish for herself a prominent voice among her contemporaries. Born Hilda Doolittle in 1886 to Helen and Charles Doolittle, her education was fostered by the intellectual curiosity of her parents (an artist and an astronomerRead MoreThe Rise Of The Prefabricated Tower Block900 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout the Eastern Bloc which copied the policies of the USSR. This development was not accepted well by architects and intellectuals, especially in Germany, where the legacy of pre-war modernism was very obvious in cities like Berlin, but also in cities like Moscow, Prague, and Sofia where the classicism endorsed by Stalin was like going back a century. Stalin’s preference for a building style highlighting the power of the Soviet people resulted in a comp lete stagnation of other forms or architectureRead MoreChanging Role of the Artist from Different Times1695 Words   |  7 Pagesencompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression. The renaissance is the rebirth of classicism; classicism comes from the ancient Greece and Rome; they portray art to captivate perfection, harmony and order. Italian High Renaissance artists achieved ideal of harmony and balance comparable with the works of ancient Greece or Rome. Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed the extraneous detail and showed the world as it was. Forms, colours and proportionsRead MoreLudwig Mies Van Der Rohe3277 Words   |  14 Pagesattempts  to  chart  the  transition  in  architecture  from  nineteenth  century   Romanticism  and  Neoclassicism  to  High  Modernism.  Mies  van  der  Rohe   redefined  architectural  boundaries  and  emphasised  the  beauty  of  simple  forms,   the  importance  of  functionality  and  the  versatility  of  new  materials  such  as   glass,  steel  and  marble.  An  analysis  of  the  work  of  Philip  Johnson  reveals  the   development  from  High  Modernism  to  Postmodernism,  where  playful  and   ironic  decoration  and  h umanist  theories  were  reintroduced  into  what  had

An Imaginary Life Commentary Essay Example For Students

An Imaginary Life Commentary Essay This passage from An Imaginary Life by David Malouf focuses on the returning of The Child to his normal environment. It is in this prose that one of the prevalent themes is explored the interrelationship between Man and his environment and the impact changes in the environment have on ones personality. The effects of setting and physical surroundings are largely depicted and consequently issues such as education, isolation and the irony of the metamorphoses are highlighted. This is due to the description diction and imagery seen throughout the passage, helping portray Ovids adaptation to his new environment and the relationship he has with The Child. We will write a custom essay on An Imaginary Life Commentary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This final passage of novel portrays the end result of Ovids metamorphoses. Initially he describes the environment as bleak and has an extremely pessimistic to his surroundings. However as he learns more about speech and culture of Tomis he learns the true meaning of transformation learning life through invaluable lessons and interactions with the environment. And this is what is so evident in this prose. He comes to understand that you cannot change someone to suit your needs, in this instance it is The Child. He completes his learning cycles, becoming part of the boys world. He does this by rejecting the society of Tomis and living in a state completely dependent on the environment. From this once can see that Ovid undertook a life changing spiritual and physical journey an idea most evident in this passage. In the opening lines of the passage Malouf highlights the openness and vastness of the land which once scared Ovid And so we come to it, the place. This ambiguous statement further characterizes not only Ovid but The Child. It portrays the freedom and satisfaction of the environment and the natural animalistic instincts The Child has, as he (The Child) moves way as usual to forage for our evening meal. This also depicts the boundaries and edges continually referred to throughout the novel. It relates to the fear the Ovid has and the freedom The Child now has. It can be said that the natural environment that the Child is so used to, influence the poet to the extent that age and elements of the human mind are no longer significant, but rather the existence of life is everlasting, I ascend grain by grain, into the hands of the Gods its the pint on the earths surface where I disappear. The Child is another crucial character whose personality is changed and influenced through variations in his environment, similar to Ovid. The Child, in a sense, represents how societal restraints can harm ones identity, and how non-conformity can fabricate outside conflict, yet personal pleasure. In the beginning, The Child is perceived as a mystical, perplexing character who is scarcely even human, and without doubt not a member of any civilization. He is a wild boy. However he is seen through the eyes of Ovid in a different manner. He is astounded at the Boys existence and at times obsessed about bringing him into modern, yet primitive society. As Ovid develops his relationship with The Child, two boundaries of surviving in a certain environment become clear, and both consider existence in the other world to be unthinkable. The Child is a noteworthy paradigm of how humans and the landscape are entwined, and grow to be almost one. It is in this final passage which highlights this idea. This is extremely evident through the descriptive imagery of The Child by the stream, stooping, kneeling, starting off again with his spring-heeled gait as he gathers small snails amongst the weeds. It is through these present participles, stooping, and animalistic adjectives, spring-heeled that portrays to the reader how humans and the environment can grow to be almost one. .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .postImageUrl , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:hover , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:visited , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:active { border:0!important; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:active , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Puritan Poetry and Edward Taylor EssayOvid makes every effort for a sensation of belonging and harmony with all the elements, despite at first he attempts to discipline the Child, he constantly seems more captivated than concerned by the Boys unique skill to mirror several characteristics of the natural world. Like Ovid, the Boy is influenced by changes in environment. This is illustrated when he remarks it is not at all as I had imagined. There are no wolves. It is clear sunlight. Thus depicting Ovids fear of the unknown but also referring back to the idea of imagination, a concept prevalent throughout the whole novel, hence the title. This concept of imagination is further alluded to in the prose. It highlights that Ovid is finally coming to terms with not only the environment and his surroundings, but also his body. He has had a physically and metal journey. He refers back to Rome, Its strange to look back on the enormous landscape across my life in Rome, and the his childhood. Portraying the Ovid has finally accepted his punishment for the footprints lead to this place and not other and that The Child does not belong in a human civilization but rather his own civilization with nature. It is this metaphor that leads onto his reflection of his childhood. This must be examined for it shows that despite how far he has come, he still thinks of his youth its shows the idea of imagination t again through his dreams and thoughts. This allusion of his childhood on his farm concludes with the paradoxical statement, It is spring. It is summer. I am three years old. I am sixty. The short stagmatic sentences of it is spring I am three years old refers t his dream, whereas It is summer I am sixty refers to the present tense. Thus illustrating that despite his mental journey he is still in two minds, but everyday is finding it easier to identify with the culture a completely different culture to Rome.

Role of Relationship Market in Maintaining - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about The Role of Relationship Marketing in Maintaining Competitive Advantages. Answer: Introduction This research has been started with an objective to enhance the knowledge regarding the role and importance of relationship marketing in maintaining a competitive advantage over the others in the industry. For the purpose of standing in the consumer market, companies need to adopt effective approaches for attracting the customers. The focus of the companies is on enhancing the quality of the services and products for gaining competitive advantage and expansion of the customer base. A good relationship with the customers is an essential element on which performance and sales of the business are based on (Rahman Masoom, 2012). Competition in the airline industry is increasing which has increased the need to develop a healthy relationship with the customers. Relationship marketing focuses on the customer satisfaction, customer defection and retaining the customers for developing loyalty among the customers. With the increase in the number of companies operating in the Airline industry, competition is increasing. This has increased the need for effective relationship marketing for the companies (Wanjau, 2013). The focus of this research program will be on analyzing the importance of relationship marketing and impact of relationship marketing on the satisfaction level of the customers. Analysis of the data collected will be done by applying different methods or approaches. Project Objective Objectives are set with a motive to form a base for the purpose of data collection process. The objective of this research program is to develop knowledge of the role of relationship marketing in maintaining competitive advantages. Relationship marketing has played a crucial role in the airline industry as the satisfaction of the customer is dependent on the quality of the services offered to them. Critical analysis will be done of the different articles, journals, books and other secondary sources so as to understand the knowledge of the research topic and different aspects related to the research. Project Scope Customer satisfaction level is an important element which determines the chances of growth and success of the business. The scope of the project has been defined so as to provide a guide to the research in the right direction. This research program will cover analysis of the role of relationship marketing and its increasing popularity in the dynamic business environment. For the collection of the data regarding the research topic, different approaches have been chosen. Literature Review In the words of Bazinia, et. al. (2012), Rrelationship marketing can be explained as an approach used by the organizations for the purpose of developing customer loyalty, interacting with the customers and enhancing their satisfaction level. For the purpose of gaining a competitive advantage over the others in the airline industry, Finn Air airways and Cathay Pacific Airways have adopted relationship marketing. An emotional connection is developed between the organization and customers with the help of relationship marketing. Relationship marketing is considered crucial for the purpose of quality of the relationship, value, and service. According to Githaiga (2013), satisfaction among the customers helps in enhancing the chances of growth and survival of the company. Impact of the relationship marketing can be seen on the long-term profitability of the company. An organization has to fulfill its responsibility towards the different partners including customer, internal partners, external partners, and suppliers. For the attainment of the long-term growth, both Finn Air and Cathay Pacific are focusing on interacting with the customers for developing a healthy relationship (Peng Wang, 2010). The trained staff has been appointed for assisting the customers. Customer loyalty is an essential aspect which is developed on the basis of the relationship marketing. For developing a positive attitude among the customers towards the company, there is a need to adopt relationship marketing (Sammut, 2011). Quality services are being offered by the companies for enhancing the customer base and retaining the existing customers (Maina, 2016). Relationship marketing plays a vital role for the airlines industry. Different strategies are being adopted by the different organizations for meeting the expectations of the customers and establishing healthy relationship with the customers. Cathay Pacific has adopted a customer oriented cost strategy for meeting the needs or desires of the customers. Finnair and Cathay Pacific need to analyze the factors which are contributing to customer defection. Finnair is offering different types of memberships to its customers for providing them benefit as well as developing large customer base (Rahman Masoom, 2012). Customer loyalty is an essential element which shows the level of trust in the brand. Finnair is conducting events for appreciating loyalty among the customers. On the contrary, focus of Cathay pacific is on building customer supplier relationship by applying CRM approaches. Personal information regarding the customers is assembled with the help of CRM campaigns. E-CRM approaches are also being used by the organizations for reaching out the customers (Tung Yu, 2013). Research Questions/Hypothesis Research has been initiated for the assembling of the data regarding the importance of relationship marketing and its impact on the customer loyalty. Information will be assembled on the basis of the research questions formulated. Research questions for the research program are listed below: Primary Question What is the role of relationship marketing in maintaining competitive advantages over the others in the industry? Secondary Questions What are the impact of relationship marketing on the satisfaction level and loyalty among the customers? Which factors help in building satisfaction level and loyalty among the customers? Research Design and Methodology Research methodology section defines the various approaches or methods which are adopted by the researcher with a motive to assemble quality data. Research programs are conducted with a motive to assemble data and presenting different facts related to the research topic. This research program has been carried out with a motive to gain knowledge of the role played by relationship marketing in maintaining a competitive advantage for the firms in the competitive business environment. Different approaches will be chosen on the basis of the requirement of the research program. These approaches will contribute towards the collection of the relevant data for the research. Research Design or method: there are various methods or designs available which are adopted by the researchers for their research. The motive behind the selection of the method is to maintain the quality of the research program. Qualitative research method will be used for the accumulation of the relevant data for the research (Terrell, 2012). Qualitative research method has been chosen with a motive to provide insight of the problem or the aspect in a better manner for developing knowledge. Trends or opinions will be uncovered with the help of qualitative research method. Qualitative research method uses unstructured or semi-structured techniques for the assembling of data (Acaps, 2012). Research approach: qualitative approach has been selected after the analysis of different approaches. The reason behind the selection of this approach is to ensure that the required data is assembled for this research program. The qualitative approach uses primary and secondary data for the execution of the research program (Smith, 2015). Both these sources are effective in collecting quality data and maintaining the reliability and authenticity of the data collected. Data collection: data collection is the process of assembling of the required information with the help of different sources of data collection. Numerous methods or sources are present which can be used for the assembling of the required information. Data in this research program will be accumulated by applying primary and secondary sources. Primary data is assembled with a motive to gather raw form of data directly from the respondents, especially for the research. Quality of primary data may get affected due to the biasedness and judgment of the respondents (Lowry, 2015). Due to these reasons, primary data is considered less reliable and authentic. Primary data can be assembled with the help of questionnaire or interview (Thomas, 2015). The questionnaire will be used for fulfilling the objective of data collection for the research. Secondary data is assembled with the help of the second-hand sources which has already been assembled and used by others for their work (Turkenburg McA uley, 2013). This form of data is more reliable and authentic as it has been already used. Sources for the collection of secondary data include internet sources. Sampling method: sampling methods are used for the analysis of the data within the limited time allocated for the completion of the research. Data assembled will be available in large quantity and for the analysis and evaluation of the assembled data, random sampling technique has been chosen. According to random sampling technique, equal chance needs to be allocated to every sample for getting selected for the analysis process (Nishad Sankar, 2016). This approach is considered reliable as the data analysis process takes place without any biasedness (Alvi, 2016). Research strategy: strategies are adopted by the researcher for the completion of the research in a better manner and attaining the desired outcomes from the execution of the research. A sequential strategy has been chosen for the execution of this research program. This strategy will ensure that the research is being conducted as per the plans formulated. Targeted market: there is a need to identify the target market so as to identify the source from where data has to be assembled for the research. Primary data for this research program has to be assembled with the preparation of a questionnaire. The questionnaire will be presented to the employees for collecting data. For the accumulation of secondary data, Internet sources will be accessed and data will be collected from those internet sources. For maintaining the authenticity of the data, internet sources will be used which have been issued after the year 2010. Timeframe: timeframe can be defined as the time period in which researcher has to complete the research program. It is essential to execute the research program within the allocated time period. This maintains the relevance of the collected data and helps in meeting the objective of the research well on time. Ethical considerations: ethics are the guides which provide direction to the actions in right manner and performing the actions in a fair manner without creating harm to the interest of others. Ethical considerations play a vital role as these shapes the execution process of the research by complying with the values including confidentiality, honesty, integrity, and unbiasedness. Research Limitations Limitations are those issues or challenges which are being faced by the researcher during the execution of the research program. Limitations need to be dealt in an effective manner so as to overcome these challenges. Impact of these limitations can be seen on the quality of the research and the execution process of the research. Research limitations identified in the research program include lack of availability of resources, availability of short span of time and lack of knowledge regarding the research topic. These limitations need to be identified during the research execution process so as to eliminate the adverse impact of these limitations. Time Schedule (Research Plan) Serial no. Activities Initiation date Duration (days) Completion date 1) Selection of the topic 23 January 2018 1 23 January 2018 2) Construction of plans 24 January 2018 4 27 January 2018 3) Implementation of the outlined plans 28 January 2018 8 04 February 2018 4) Selection of data collection methods 05 February 2018 3 07 February 2018 5) Initiation of data collection process 08 February 2018 9 16 February 2018 6) Analysis and evaluation 17 February 2018 5 21 February 2018 7) Conclusion and recommendations 22 February 2018 1 22 February 2018 Gantt chart Conclusion Thus, at the end of the research program, it has been stated that focus is on developing knowledge regarding the relationship marketing in relation to Finnair and Cathay Pacific airlines. For the purpose of developing loyalty among the customers, relationship marketing is being used. The focus of the airlines is on the retaining the customers by satisfying the customers and attracting potential customers. For the purpose of operating in the dynamic business environment, there is a need to adopt relationship marketing. It is essential to enter into negotiation with the competitors and signing a long-term contract. E-approach has been chosen by the airlines for enhancing the customer base and contributing to the satisfaction level of the customers. References Acaps, 2012, Qualitative and Quantitative Research Techniques for Humanitarian Needs Assessment, Acaps. Alvi, M., 2016, A Manual for Selecting Sampling Techniques in Research, MPRA. Bazinia, E., Elmazib, L. Sinanaj, S., 2012, Importance of relationship marketing management in the insurance business in Albania, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 44, pp. 155 162. Githaiga, A. M., 2013, Customer Relationship Management As A Strategy To Gain Competitive Advantage In The Banking Industry, United States International University. Lowry, L. D., 2015, Bridging the Business Data Divide: Insights into Primary and Secondary Data Use by Business Researchers, IASSIST. Maina, V. N., 2016, Relationship Marketing and Sustainable competitive advantage in large pre-hospital service companies in Kenya, University Of Nairobi. Nishad, P.M. Sankar, S., 2016, Efficient random sampling statistical method to improve big data compression ratio and pattern matching techniques for compressed data, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 179. Peng, L. Y. Wang, Q., 2010, Impact of relationship marketing tactics (RMTs) on switchers and stayers in a competitive service industry, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 22(1-2), pp. 25-59. Rahman, S. M. A. U. Masoom, M. R., 2012, Effects of Relationship Marketing on Customer Retention and Competitive Advantage: A Case Study on Grameen Phone Ltd., Asian Business Review, Volume 1, Issue 1. Sammut, H. J., 2011, A competitive advantage through customer relationship management, Times Malta. Smith, N.L., 2015, Using Action Design Research to Research and Develop Evaluation Practice, New Directions for Evaluation, vol. 2015, no. 148, pp. 57-72. Strategic Marketing Solutions, 2013, Strategic Marketing Solutions Can Develop Your Relationship Marketing Program. Accessed on: 24 January 2018. Available at: https://www.strategicdriven.com/relationship-marketing/ Terrell, S. R., 2012, Mixed-Methods Research Methodologies, The Qualitative Report, Volume 17, Number 1, pp. 254-280. Thomas, J. A., 2015, Using unstructured diaries for primary data collection, Nurse researcher, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 25. Tung F.C. Yu T.W., 2013, Investigating effects of relationship marketing types in life insurers in Taiwan, Managing Service Quality, Vol. 23(2), pp.111-130. Turkenburg, J. P. McAuley, K. E., 2013, Data collection and processing,Acta Crystallographica Section D, Vol. 69(7), pp. 1193-1194. 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